Corporate Social Responsibilty - 2556 Words

08 Fall 08 Fall PEST Analysis amp; CSR on Deajan Holdings PLC PEST Analysis amp; CSR on Deajan Holdings PLC December 20th 2012 December 20th 2012 Management Management Table of contents Cover page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 Table of contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 CSR†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Political factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Economical factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 Social factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 9 Technological factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 Reference†¦show more content†¦The essential aim is to hold corporations responsible for their actions and encourage a positive result through their business activities that affect communities, stake holder, consumers and society. Environment: â€Å"As a property investment company with only limited development activity Daejan has a relatively low overall climate change impact† ( Deajan Financial Report, 2012) However the company acknowledges its responsibility to lower any issues or negative impacts that result from carrying out business activities, Deajan attempts to make such changes whenever presented with the opportunity to improve the environment. The majority of properties owned by Deajan have been constructed way before the introduction of energy efficiency regulations and modern environmental issues, thus making it unpractical and economically unfeasible for the organization to reinvent and reconstruct properties. However Deajan provides a continuous service of repair work to many properties, resulting in the opportunity to make adjustments and improvements towards energy efficiency of their buildings as well as plants. Also when the company engages in new developments or refurbishments of older properties they aim to attain the highest â€Å"BREEAM† rating. The BREEAM rating is an assessment that is broadly used to determine environmental issues in relation to buildings. Also within the organization Deajan encourages a culture amongst staff and employees toShow MoreRelatedWhat Does Globally Responsible Leadership Mean to Me1486 Words   |  6 Pageswhen the primary focus of all business organizations was profit maximization and to be the no 1.Today the principles of triple bottom line i.e people-planet-profit (having replaced the double bottom line) , sustainability, corporate citizenship and corporate social responsibilty have occupied the center stage of all business processes.Apart from the interests of shareholders,it is imperative to take into account the stakeholders too that include workers, clients, suppliers, environment, the communityRead MoreThe Social Responsibility Of A Social Service899 Words   |  4 Pages Man is a social animal so he cannot live alone. Society does its best to provide the individual with all the comforts amenities and facilities of life. So it is duty to do service for others. Nowadays more and more organizations are engaging in positive way often referred to as corporate social responsibility. It is important to doing a social service all organizations. CSR aims to embrace responsibility for to reassure a positive effect on the environment and stakeholders containing consumersRead MoreThe Impact Of Csr On Society, What Activities Can Not Live Alone810 Words   |  4 PagesMan is a social animal so he cannot live alone. Society does its best to provide the individual with all the comforts amenities and facilities of life. So it is duty to do service for others. Nowadays more and more organizations are engaging in positive way often referred to as corporate social responsibility. It is important to doing a social service all organizations. CSR aims to embrace respon sibility for to reassure a positive effect on the environment and stakeholders containing consumers,Read MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Of Cigna Corporation902 Words   |  4 PagesCigna Corporation social responsibility, to see if they contribute to society through good business practices, by providing good work environment, good citizenship and solving social issues. We will incorporate terms such as sustainability, strategic philanthropy, cause marketing, shared value, stakeholders, and global perspective. We will see if Cigna Corporation really following the corporation social responsibility of the 21st century. According to the article, Corporate Social Responsibility inRead MoreThe Link Between Corporate Social Responsibility And The Competitive Advantage Of A Company1332 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this essay is to show that the link between Corporate Social Responsibility the competitive advantage of a company is often viewed to be positive if environmental limits, social needs corporate interests are all coordinated within the given framework (Porter Kramer, 2011). Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be classified as the actions of firms that contribute to social welfare, beyond what is required for profit maximization (McWilliams, 2015). EconomistRead MoreBusiness Operations1577 Words   |  7 PagesEMILIA BILIC RESEACH A BUSINESS AND EXAMINES ITS INPUTS, TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES AND OUTPUTS. EXPLAIN THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON THIS BUSINESS. THEN DISCUSS WHAT CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILTY IS AND HOW A BUSINESS CAN TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IT. Operations management is concerned with overseeing, designing and controlling the process of production and then turning raw materials and resources into outputs of finished goods or services. It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operationsRead MoreBusiness Strategies of Tata Group 898 Words   |  4 Pageslisted. INDUSTRY: Retailing/I.T/Engineering/Communications At the Tata group, they are focused on enhancing the personal satisfaction of the groups they serve. They do this by striving for administration and their practice of coming back to social order what they gain summons trust around buyers, workers, shareholders and the group. They are focused on securing this legacy of initiative with trust through the way in which they lead their business. The Tata group’s global footprint spansRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr ) And Store Brand The Organization Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesFor The Warehouse Group (TWG), it has long been understood that having a strong reputation relates to the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and store brand the organisation assumes. The purpose of this report is an investigation into CSR efforts, affording an indirect measurement of reputation. It describes a series of CSR activities, and finds that in each case, TWG s reputation is reinforced and is stronger than competing organisations who lack or do not efficiently execute such techniquesRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Responsibility On Business Organizations Essay1954 Words   |  8 Pagesdetermined Social Responsibility to be the key concept in leading an organization to success, but also many of these companies have recognized that this is now a significant ethical practice to incorporate into their business model. Al though various firms are becoming increasingly involved in Social Responsibility, the question has been raised to determine the significance of implementing this concept within contemporary organizations; which leads to the purpose of discussion in this essay: Is Social ResponsibilityRead MoreSocial Entrepreneurship1926 Words   |  8 PagesEveryone describes social entrepreneurship differently. While many have been able to describe the traits and features of a social entrepreneur there doesn’t seem at all to be a consensus about the definition of what constitutes the field of social entrepreneurship. Susan Davis and David Bornstein in their book, Social Entrepreneurship: What Everyone Needs to Know define social entrepreneurship as â€Å"a process by which citizens build or transform institutions to advance solutions to social problems such

The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on the...

Running head: ENVIORONMENTAL ANALYSIS The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on the Telecommunication Industry University of Phoenix MBA 501 Forces Influencing Business in the 21st Century January 22, 2007 Introduction The intent of this paper is to perform an analysis of the cable industrys external environment. The first sections of the document will discuss environmental scanning and define the telecommunication niche that is currently occupied by cable operators such as Comcast. The next section will identify the macroeconomic variables that currently impact cable operators and will compare two variables to two corresponding industry variables. The final section of the paper will identify some of the challenges and opportunities†¦show more content†¦These changes in disposable income impacts the cable industrys subscriber numbers through subscriber churn (subscriber leaving) and premium services churn (dropping and adding premium services), these changes are reflected in revenue stream which in turn affects the market value of the cable operators. Inflation the general increase in the level of prices McConnell, Brue (2004) pg 82 is one of the macroeconomic variables that directly impacts the revenue stream of cable operators. Like most industries that maintain fleets of vehicle the escalating cost of fuel has an immediate impact on the bottom line. As a service providers and the owner of the infrastructure one of our largest costs is related to the installation of our services and hardware. In most cases after a new customer orders service the company rolls a truck. A truck roll requires that a technician is scheduled to drive to the customers home, connect their home to our plant, install the ordered product into the customers home, activate the product and do onsite training of the customer. The escalating cost of fuel directly increases the cost of truck rolls which depending on installer status (employee or contractor) is on average a $150.00. In most cases the company does not charge an install fee for this truck roll s o the cost is added to the ROI (Return on Investment) that is calculated for each customer. Interest rates also have a profound impact on the cable industry, there are hugeShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Macroeconomic Variables On The Telecommunication Industry1635 Words   |  7 Pageswill discuss environmental scanning and define the telecommunication niche that is currently occupied by cable operators such as Comcast. The next section will identify the macroeconomic variables that currently impact cable operators and will compare two variables to two corresponding industry variables. The final section of the paper will identify some of the challenges and opportunities facing the industry. An external analysis of the industry will provide a clear picture of the environment asRead MoreImpact of Macro Economics Factors in Share Market19276 Words   |  78 Pagesmight be that Stock Market depends on the overall health of the Economy, and real Economic variables which tend to display persistence. Therefore, an interesting question in finance is: what derives stock market volatility? Understanding the nature of stock market volatility gives some important implications for policy makers, economic forecasters and investors. Studying the impact of MacroEconomic factors such as Inflation, Interest Rate, Dollar Value and FII on conditional stock market volatilityRead MoreHow Globalization Affects Developing Countries?1504 Words   |  7 Pagesknowledge and education measured by the adult literacy and (c) income. The degree to which an organization is globalized and diversified has bearing on the strategies that it uses to pursue greater development and investment opportunities. The Economic Impact on Developed Nations Globalization compels businesses to adapt to different strategies based on new ideological trends that try to balance rights and interests of both the individual and the community as a whole. This change enables businesses toRead MorePrice Makers and Price Takers952 Words   |  4 Pagesend of their life-cycle – more elastic demand, lower prices o Impact of marketing and advertising on consumer loyalty / brand loyalty The Regulatory System In markets where firms have price-setting power, government appointed regulatory agencies may intervene directly or indirectly in the price-setting process o The regulatory agencies covering privatised utilities such as gas, electricity, telecommunications and the rail industry – most of these regulators have at times enforced price-cappingRead MorePersonal Health Behaviors And Religious Prohibition Of Alcohol936 Words   |  4 Pagesrole in determining the prevalence of diseases of major socio-economic impact throughout the world, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers and accidents. (2) Personal health behaviours are determined by a wide variety of factors, including socio-cultural influences (e.g. dietary traditions and religious prohibition of alcohol), legislation (e.g. laws restricting the purchase of tobacco and the use of seat-belts), macroeconomics (e.g. disposable income and taxation on cigarettes), health care provisionRead MoreWhat Are The Determinants Of FDI Flows1789 Words   |  8 Pagesfactors influencing the destination of the investment: Host-country determinants, rather than industry specific factors. The major determinants of FDI are as follows--- (01)Size of the Market- Econometric studies comparing a cross section of countries indicate a well- established correlation between FDI and the size of the market. Some studies found GDP growth rate to be a significant explanatory variables, while GDP was not, probably indicating that where the current size of national income isRead MoreForeign Direct Investment Of India1718 Words   |  7 Pagesnumber of Economic and Social variables can be determinants of Economic Growth. The variables divided into five groups. 1. Conditional Convergence The Conditional Convergence or Transitional Convergence maintains that the poor countries should grow faster than rich ones because of decreasing returns to scale in production. The countries control for initial position of the economy by including the initial level of Gross Domestic Product in the set of explanatory variables. The neoclassical growth modelRead MoreForeign Direct Investment ( Fdi ) And Economic Growth2405 Words   |  10 PagesInfrastructure (Ports, Roads, Power and Telecommunication) 3. Efficiency-Seeking a. Cost of resources and assets b. Other input costs (e.g. transport, communication and other intermediate products costs c. Membership of a regional integration agreement conducive to the establishment of regional corporate networks 4. Business Facilitation a. Provision of Tax Incentives (Local, Regional, National) b. Investment Subsidies 5. Policy Framework a. Stability of Political and Macroeconomic Framework (low inflation)Read MoreCoporate Finance Case Study5492 Words   |  22 Pageson Value per Share 5 The Benefits of Leveraging for the Shareholders 6 The Macroeconomic Benefit of Debts 7 Koppers Company, Inc. 7 Case 30 – MCI Communications, Corp.: Capital Structure Theory 9 Introduction 9 Cost of Capital 9 Costs of Equity 9 Cost of Debt 10 WACC 10 Scenario Analysis 11 Leverage and Risk – Coverage Ratio 11 Leverage and Earnings – Earnings per Share 12 The Creditor’s Reaction 14 Impact on Financial Flexibility 15 Summary and Concluding Remarks 16 Literature 17 Read MoreHow Stock Market Operates3258 Words   |  14 Pagestogether eventually lead to generate a gain in productivity and innovations that increases the stock price and strengthen the economy. The relationship between economic growth, research and development, technological change have been instituted at the industry, and national level. It simply means that corporate research and development is the connected with following gains in company’s stock prices, earnings, and productivity. Most of the companies do not usually disclose their The Impact Of Macroeconomic Variables On The... Introduction The intent of this paper is to perform an analysis of the cable industrys external environment. The first sections of the document will discuss environmental scanning and define the telecommunication niche that is currently occupied by cable operators such as Comcast. The next section will identify the macroeconomic variables that currently impact cable operators and will compare two variables to two corresponding industry variables. The final section of the paper will identify some of the challenges and opportunities facing the industry. An external analysis of the industry will provide a clear picture of the environment as well as any opportunities and threats faced by Comcast. By understanding the environment,†¦show more content†¦The USs premier operator in the broadcasting cable TV market is Comcast. Its 2005 revenues of $22.3 billion places it firmly at the top of the sector; while the company attributes revenue growth of 9.6% to the business innovations which Comcas t is deploying in the search for new revenues. University of Phoenix (2007) While Comcast provides many different types of services and products this paper will concentrate on one of its primary services which is cable operations, as defined by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS); code 517500 Cable and other program Distribution. This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged as third-party distribution systems for broadcast programming. The establishments of this industry deliver visual, aural, or textual programming received from cable networks, local television stations, or radio networks to consumers via cable or direct-to-home satellite systems on a subscription or fee basis. These establishments do not generally originate programming material. NAICS (2007) Macroeconomic variables that affect the cable industry Some of the macroeconomic variables that impact the cable industry are gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, trade, interestShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on the Telecommunication Industry1704 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: ENVIORONMENTAL ANALYSIS The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on the Telecommunication Industry University of Phoenix MBA 501 Forces Influencing Business in the 21st Century January 22, 2007 Introduction The intent of this paper is to perform an analysis of the cable industrys external environment. The first sections of the document will discuss environmental scanning and define the telecommunication niche that is currently occupied by cable operators such as Comcast. The nextRead MoreImpact of Macro Economics Factors in Share Market19276 Words   |  78 Pagesmight be that Stock Market depends on the overall health of the Economy, and real Economic variables which tend to display persistence. Therefore, an interesting question in finance is: what derives stock market volatility? Understanding the nature of stock market volatility gives some important implications for policy makers, economic forecasters and investors. Studying the impact of MacroEconomic factors such as Inflation, Interest Rate, Dollar Value and FII on conditional stock market volatilityRead MoreHow Globalization Affects Developing Countries?1504 Words   |  7 Pagesknowledge and education measured by the adult literacy and (c) income. The degree to which an organization is globalized and diversified has bearing on the strategies that it uses to pursue greater development and investment opportunities. The Economic Impact on Developed Nations Globalization compels businesses to adapt to different strategies based on new ideological trends that try to balance rights and interests of both the individual and the community as a whole. This change enables businesses toRead MorePrice Makers and Price Takers952 Words   |  4 Pagesend of their life-cycle – more elastic demand, lower prices o Impact of marketing and advertising on consumer loyalty / brand loyalty The Regulatory System In markets where firms have price-setting power, government appointed regulatory agencies may intervene directly or indirectly in the price-setting process o The regulatory agencies covering privatised utilities such as gas, electricity, telecommunications and the rail industry – most of these regulators have at times enforced price-cappingRead MorePersonal Health Behaviors And Religious Prohibition Of Alcohol936 Words   |  4 Pagesrole in determining the prevalence of diseases of major socio-economic impact throughout the world, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers and accidents. (2) Personal health behaviours are determined by a wide variety of factors, including socio-cultural influences (e.g. dietary traditions and religious prohibition of alcohol), legislation (e.g. laws restricting the purchase of tobacco and the use of seat-belts), macroeconomics (e.g. disposable income and taxation on cigarettes), health care provisionRead MoreWhat Are The Determinants Of FDI Flows1789 Words   |  8 Pagesfactors influencing the destination of the investment: Host-country determinants, rather than industry specific factors. The major determinants of FDI are as follows--- (01)Size of the Market- Econometric studies comparing a cross section of countries indicate a well- established correlation between FDI and the size of the market. Some studies found GDP growth rate to be a significant explanatory variables, while GDP was not, probably indicating that where the current size of national income isRead MoreForeign Direct Investment Of India1718 Words   |  7 Pagesnumber of Economic and Social variables can be determinants of Economic Growth. The variables divided into five groups. 1. Conditional Convergence The Conditional Convergence or Transitional Convergence maintains that the poor countries should grow faster than rich ones because of decreasing returns to scale in production. The countries control for initial position of the economy by including the initial level of Gross Domestic Product in the set of explanatory variables. The neoclassical growth modelRead MoreForeign Direct Investment ( Fdi ) And Economic Growth2405 Words   |  10 PagesInfrastructure (Ports, Roads, Power and Telecommunication) 3. Efficiency-Seeking a. Cost of resources and assets b. Other input costs (e.g. transport, communication and other intermediate products costs c. Membership of a regional integration agreement conducive to the establishment of regional corporate networks 4. Business Facilitation a. Provision of Tax Incentives (Local, Regional, National) b. Investment Subsidies 5. Policy Framework a. Stability of Political and Macroeconomic Framework (low inflation)Read MoreCoporate Finance Case Study5492 Words   |  22 Pageson Value per Share 5 The Benefits of Leveraging for the Shareholders 6 The Macroeconomic Benefit of Debts 7 Koppers Company, Inc. 7 Case 30 – MCI Communications, Corp.: Capital Structure Theory 9 Introduction 9 Cost of Capital 9 Costs of Equity 9 Cost of Debt 10 WACC 10 Scenario Analysis 11 Leverage and Risk – Coverage Ratio 11 Leverage and Earnings – Earnings per Share 12 The Creditor’s Reaction 14 Impact on Financial Flexibility 15 Summary and Concluding Remarks 16 Literature 17 Read MoreHow Stock Market Operates3258 Words   |  14 Pagestogether eventually lead to generate a gain in productivity and innovations that increases the stock price and strengthen the economy. The relationship between economic growth, research and development, technological change have been instituted at the industry, and national level. It simply means that corporate research and development is the connected with following gains in company’s stock prices, earnings, and productivity. Most of the companies do not usually disclose their

The Da Vinci Code PROLOGUE Free Essays

Louvre Museum, Paris 10:46 P. M. Renowned curator Jacques Sauniere staggered through the vaulted archway of the museum’s Grand Gallery. We will write a custom essay sample on The Da Vinci Code PROLOGUE or any similar topic only for you Order Now He lunged for the nearest painting he could see, a Caravaggio. Grabbing the gilded frame, the seventy-six-year-old man heaved the masterpiece toward himself until it tore from the wall and Sauniere collapsed backward in a heap beneath the canvas. As he had anticipated, a thundering iron gate fell nearby, barricading the entrance to the suite. The parquet floor shook. Far off, an alarm began to ring. The curator lay a moment, gasping for breath, taking stock. I am still alive.He crawled out from under the canvas and scanned the cavernous space for someplace to hide. A voice spoke, chillingly close. â€Å"Do not move.† On his hands and knees, the curator froze, turning his head slowly. Only fifteen feet away, outside the sealed gate, the mountainous silhouette of his attacker stared through the iron bars. He was broad and tall, with ghost-pale skin and thinning white hair. His irises were pink with dark red pupils. The albino drew a pistol from his coat and aimed the barrel through the bars, directly at the curator. â€Å"You should not have run.† His accent was not easy to place. â€Å"Now tell me where it is.† â€Å"I told you already,† the curator stammered, kneeling defenseless on the floor of the gallery. â€Å"I have no idea what you are talking about!† â€Å"You are lying.† The man stared at him, perfectly immobile except for the glint in his ghostly eyes. â€Å"You and your brethren possess something that is not yours.† The curator felt a surge of adrenaline. How could he possibly know this? â€Å"Tonight the rightful guardians will be restored. Tell me where it is hidden, and you will live.† The man leveled his gun at the curator’s head. â€Å"Is it a secret you will die for?† Sauniere could not breathe. The man tilted his head, peering down the barrel of his gun. Sauniere held up his hands in defense. â€Å"Wait,† he said slowly. â€Å"I will tell you what you need to know.† The curator spoke his next words carefully. The lie he told was one he had rehearsed many times†¦ each time praying he would never have to use it. When the curator had finished speaking, his assailant smiled smugly. â€Å"Yes. This is exactly what the others told me.† Sauniere recoiled. The others? â€Å"I found them, too,† the huge man taunted. â€Å"All three of them. They confirmed what you have just said.† It cannot be! The curator’s true identity, along with the identities of his three senechaux, was almost as sacred as the ancient secret they protected. Sauniere now realized his senechaux, following strict procedure, had told the same lie before their own deaths. It was part of the protocol. The attacker aimed his gun again. â€Å"When you are gone, I will be the only one who knows the truth.† The truth.In an instant, the curator grasped the true horror of the situation. If I die, the truth will be lost forever.Instinctively, he tried to scramble for cover. The gun roared, and the curator felt a searing heat as the bullet lodged in his stomach. He fell forward†¦ struggling against the pain. Slowly, Sauniere rolled over and stared back through the bars at his attacker. The man was now taking dead aim at Sauniere’s head. Sauniere closed his eyes, his thoughts a swirling tempest of fear and regret. The click of an empty chamber echoed through the corridor. The curator’s eyes flew open. The man glanced down at his weapon, looking almost amused. He reached for a second clip, but then seemed to reconsider, smirking calmly at Sauniere’s gut. â€Å"My work here is done.† The curator looked down and saw the bullet hole in his white linen shirt. It was framed by a small circle of blood a few inches below his breastbone. My stomach.Almost cruelly, the bullet had missed his heart. As a veteran of la Guerre d’Algerie, the curator had witnessed this horribly drawn-out death before. For fifteen minutes, he would survive as his stomach acids seeped into his chest cavity, slowly poisoning him from within. â€Å"Pain is good, monsieur,† the man said. Then he was gone. Alone now, Jacques Sauniere turned his gaze again to the iron gate. He was trapped, and the doors could not be reopened for at least twenty minutes. By the time anyone got to him, he would be dead. Even so, the fear that now gripped him was a fear far greater than that of his own death. I must pass on the secret. Staggering to his feet, he pictured his three murdered brethren. He thought of the generations who had come before them†¦ of the mission with which they had all been entrusted. An unbroken chain of knowledge. Suddenly, now, despite all the precautions†¦ despite all the fail-safes†¦ Jacques Sauniere was the only remaining link, the sole guardian of one of the most powerful secrets ever kept. Shivering, he pulled himself to his feet. I must find some way†¦ . He was trapped inside the Grand Gallery, and there existed only one person on earth to whom he could pass the torch. Sauniere gazed up at the walls of his opulent prison. A collection of the world’s most famous paintings seemed to smile down on him like old friends. Wincing in pain, he summoned all of his faculties and strength. The desperate task before him, he knew, would require every remaining second of his life. How to cite The Da Vinci Code PROLOGUE, Essay examples

Three Major Human Decision Making Accidents

Question: Discuss about theThree Major Human Decision Making Accidents. Answer: Introduction The aviation industry is an international industry which requires decision making and execution at all levels. The decision-making, aimed towards customer safety and safe landing should be guided by ethics, situations and experiences of the personnel (Ferrell Fraedrich, 2015). Wrong decisions on the side of aviation staffs, irrespective of their levels, have already claimed hundreds of lives (Major, 2014). The upper, middle and the lower level staffs should frame policies which should work towards avoiding air accidents and secure the lives of the passengers and the members of the crew on board. The Singapore Airlines is an example of the organization structure in an aviation company. The organization structure of Singapore Airlines is led by the Chief Executive Officer, the chairman of the board, vice chairman of the board and the directors. The offices of the CFO, SATS, Tiger Airways, Secretary, Sales, HR and Operations, India, Product sales, Cabin crew, IT, HR and Sales marketing report to the CEO. The sales operations of France reports to the sales department while marketing planning reports to Sales and marketing department. The senior level management of companies are usually attributed with the power, knowledge and experience to take correct decisions. Their decisions are made up of business strategies which concern the whole or most of an organization (Anderson et al., 2015). The decisions due to systemic errors similarly affect the whole mechanism and have far reaching impact. The board of directors in the aviation companies, like any other company takes the key decisions and policies of the organizations. Their strategies in the areas of customer satisfaction initiatives, financing, product planning and so on are reflected in the actions of the pilots, ground staffs and all the other people present in the airport. Their lack of control and concern for the passengers are the causes of several accidents that have killed thousands of passengers (Hevelke Nida-Rmelin, 2015). Aloha Airlines is a Hawaii based airlines company which operated from Honolulu International Airport till March 31, 2008. Aloha Airlines Flight 243 which was Being 737 faced extensive decompression in air on April 28, 1988. The plane managed to land on Kahului Airport amidst lack of coordination or distractions between the responsible staffs. The accident killed a flight attendant and left 65 people injured. The investigation carried out by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) which finds out several active errors on the part of Aloha Airlines to maintain the aircrafts (www.ntsb.gov). The airlines authority or the decision makers did not carry on complete inspection of the flight in spite of the fact that the parts were showing defects. The sections stuck together by adhesives cracked and caused small cracks on the metal body of the air bus. NTSB also blamed The Federation Aviation Administration for not monitoring the quality of operations of the airlines companies under its purview. The FAA, in response to the investigation and findings there from, changed the pattern of rivets so as to reduce the stress on the planes metal skin. The safety board of Aloha Airlines, under the pressure of investigation from these two bodies issued its future goals to upgrade the quality of maintenance and inspection to avoid such accidents. The airlines company concentrated on enhancing its technical work force to bring in the advanced technology to maintain the aeroplanes. The company changed its corrosion prevention methods to improve the life of its air busses (Ni et al. 2014). The management reformed its flight schedules to increase the number of flights in order to compete with the other international airlines companies. The main recommendations of the board were to improve the skills of staffs to avoid such mistakes and slips. The recommendations also proposed acquiring of superior quality airbuses and ancillary units with proper licenses. The responsibilities and areas of power of the federal investigators were also enhanced to ensure prevention of such accidents. The accident became a subject of national interest which resulted in framing of new propositions in the aviation industry regarding maintenance and inspection of aeroplanes, especially the old ones (JOHN H. CUSHMAN Jr., 2017). The middle level staffs like the pilot and the captain are the ones who actually fly the planes. They guide, instruct and are responsible for the safety of the onboard passengers. Their main work is to fly the plane towards the destination airports and ensure the safety of the passengers in all respects (Johnson, 2015). Their decision-making power driven by technology and experience control the very existence of the onboard passengers. The Singapore Airlines Flight 368( SQ368) was an international passenger plane which took off from the Singapore Changi Airport on June 27, 2016. The plane took off but returned to the airport after receiving fuel warning. The plane landed by the engine 777 which sent fuel alarm caught fire but there were no injuries. The reason of the fire was an oil leak from the engine which on landing caught fire due to friction. The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore extinguished the fire in five minutes but the wing was seriously damaged. The Air Accident Investigation Bureau of Singapore revealed that the fuel in the engine 777 got contaminated from the main fuel oil heat exchanger because of a fissure in it. The manufacturer of the engine looked into the matter and repaired the engine. The investigation revealed that the probable cause of the accident was flying the plane at a very low altitude. The pilot was flying the plane to simulate realistic situations very close to the woods below which was a wrong decision based on wrong judgement. The Singapore Airlines Flight 006(SQ 006/SIA 006) was a Singapore Airlines to take off from Singapore Changi Airport to Los Angeles International Airport via Taoyuan International Airport, Taiwan. The flight met with a massive accident when it took off during torrential rain due to typhoon Xangsane killing 83 onboard passengers and turned out to be one of the deadliest accidents (HWAI, 2017). The ground staff cleared the runway 05L during the typhoon and torrential rain. After a second, the crew tried to take off from runway number 05R which ran parallel to 05L and closed due to construction work. The airport did not have ASDE, ground radar which could control aircraft movements on the ground. The pilot, in spite of hearing the instruction to land on 05L but land up on the runway on which elevators and bulldozers had already being parked to carry on the construction work. The aircraft suffered a massive damage and a fire broke out causing death of 79 passengers and 4 crew members. Aviation Safety Council of China conducted the investigation which revealed that the flight neglected continuous patrol of the runway and was not aware that the flight has entered the wrong way. The pilot did not check Paravisual Display and Primary Flight Display which caused the flight to enter the dangerous runway. The faulty decision making in the lower level caused fire and loss of so many lives but was denied by the relevant authorities. The Republic of China summoned the crew members for interrogation and only three members followed the order. However, no flight crew member was prosecuted. Singapore Airlines flight bound for Los Angelas only stopped over Tokyo Narita Airport. The flight which met with the accident was used withdrawn from services and used as a livery to promote Singapore Airlines. A survivor later on reported that the onboard crew members were not able to help the passengers due to lack of provisions and expertise, besides being gripped by horror ("Singapore Airlines crash report is disturbing", 2017). This crash pointed out that a wrong decision making at individual levels resulted in loss of so many lives and left many injured in hospitals. The anxiety and fear the acquaintances of the passengers suffered from due to the faulty individual decisions culminating into a horrifying accident is immeasurable. The three incidences stated above are examples of how wrong decisions at various levels caused irreplaceable loss of lives. The investigations following these accidents often point out to defects in the body or other parts of the planes or to the faulty decisions of the pilots. These investigations often attract the attention of the people in the countries where accidents occur and even from foreign nationals. The most common outcome of these investigations are the initiations of a round of blaming between the various airlines companies, government departments and international bodies which make interesting news globally. The real problems lie deeper and usually remain undetected under the mean sessions of allegations. The intense competitions between the airlines companies make them choose low pricing strategies to attract huge number of customers (Delaplace Dobruszkes, 2015). The big and expensive airlines companies of North America and Europe have are facing stiff challenges from companies like Air Asia, Indigo, Easy Jet and West Jet (www.businessinsider.in, 2017). These companies are forced to offer low price services and as a result have to cut on the quality of services (Barnes, 2017). These companies often have to increase the flights, so they cannot maintain the airbuses to the service pressure. The international aviation industry has hundreds of players of all sizes and caters to the world generating huge revenue. The aviation industry complies with several bilateral agreements like Chicago Conventions in 1944 and Open Skies concerning several bodies like European Union and Commonwealth, thus involving all the big and small countries. The airlines companies have to comply with several safety measures being prone to terrorist attacks and have already suffered several attacks. The aeroplanes consume high quantity of fossil fuel and releases high quantity of pollutants. This makes the industry subject to several environmental laws, both nationals and international. All these factors lead to a complicated network of macroeconomic factors having several strata. These factors, combined with intense international competition and profit earning motive leads to corruption (Itani Mason, 2014). The various government bodies claim money from the aviation company on the pretext of poli ce protection, export and import licenses and so on. The companies incur huge expenditure in order to gain preferential facilities from the governments. They, in order the make up the huge expenditure they often compromise on the inspection of flights and quality of manpower. They keep the prices low and cut down the facilities they offer to the consumers. These irresponsible strategies to earn profits at the cost of consumer safety often catapults in horrifying accidents causing loss of human lives and injuries. The investigations following these accidents often uncover these defects in the planes and their crew members. They are unable to unearth the role of the powerful segments that actually manage and control the aviation industry. The aviation industry is a multimillion market where hundreds of companies compete to cater the millions of customers all around the world. The decisions are taken and executed at all the three levels which have future affects. Wrong decision at these levels result in devastating accidents which kill hundreds and leave thousands injured or even disabled. Those accidents are often attributed to the crew and the technology while the top decision makers remain hidden. The decisions must be framed keeping the value of human lives and should always ensure safety of people onboard. References: (2017). Retrieved 21 February 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.in/The-10-best-low-cost-airlines-in-the-world/7-WestJet/slideshow/56204392.cms (2017). Retrieved 21 February 2017, from https://www.ntsb.gov/Pages/default.aspx Anderson, D. R., Sweeney, D. J., Williams, T. A., Camm, J. D., Cochran, J. J. (2015).An introduction to management science: quantitative approaches to decision making. Cengage learning. Airlines, S. (2017). Org Chart Singapore Airlines. TheOfficialBoard. Retrieved 18 May 2017, from https://www.theofficialboard.com/org-chart/singapore-airlines Barnes, J. (2017). Measuring service quality in the low-cost airline industry. Borchert, I., Gootiiz, B., Mattoo, A. (2014). Policy barriers to international trade in services: evidence from a new database.The World Bank Economic Review,28(1), 162-188. Delaplace, M., Dobruszkes, F. (2015). From low-cost airlines to low-cost high-speed rail? The French case.Transport policy,38, 73-85. Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. (2015).Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Hevelke, A., Nida-Rmelin, J. (2015). Responsibility for crashes of autonomous vehicles: an ethical analysis.Science and engineering ethics,21(3), 619-630. HWAI, L. (2017). Seven crashes, 900 lives: Taiwan's fatal air crashes in the past 20 years. The Straits Times. Retrieved 21 February 2017, from https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/seven-crashes-900-lives-taiwans-fatal-air-crashes-in-the-past-20-years Itani, N., Mason, K. (2014). A macro-environment approach to civil aviation strategic planning.Transport Policy,33, 125-135. JOHN H. CUSHMAN Jr., S. (2017). U.S. john h. cushman jr., s. (2017). u.s. investigators fault aloha line in fatal accident. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 21 February 2017, from https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/24/us/us-investigators-fault-aloha-line-in-fatal-accident.html Johnson, J. W. (2015). The Pilots' Perspective: Commercial sUAS Operations Must Not Compromise Safety.The Air and Space Lawyer,28(2), 17. Major, A. E. (2014). Ethics Education of Military Leaders.Military Review,94(2), 55. Ni, L., Chemtob, A., Croutx-Barghorn, C., Moreau, N., Bouder, T., Chanfreau, S., Pbre, N. (2014). Direct-to-metal UV-cured hybrid coating for the corrosion protection of aircraft aluminium alloy.Corrosion Science,89, 242-249. Singapore Airlines crash report is disturbing. (2017). Usatoday30.usatoday.com. Retrieved 21 February 2017, from https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2001-02-23-singair.htm